Political consciousness in the context of collective and individual unconsciousness

The study of political consciousness as a complex structure includes rational, emotional and unconscious aspects. Special attention is paid to the role of collective and individual unconscious in the formation of political attitudes, ideologies and behaviour. Philosophical and interdisciplinary approaches were used in the work. The analysis was based on the works of C.G. Jung, P. Bourdieu, as well as studies by Russian and foreign authors. The paper considers the concepts of archetypes, habitus, myth‐making and their influence on political behaviour. It was established that the political unconscious, rooted in archetypes and myths, plays a key role in the formation of collective political behaviour. Authoritarian regimes use the mechanisms of the unconscious through propaganda and myth‐making, reinforcing identity and loyalty. It is shown that socio‐economic status affects the content of political consciousness: in the lower classes it is oriented towards stability and security, while in the middle and upper classes it is oriented towards freedom and self‐realisation. Political consciousness is a multilayered system formed by the interaction of rational, emotional and unconscious aspects. Its study requires an interdisciplinary approach that allows a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of political behavior and choice. The results of the study confirm the significance of unconscious factors in the dynamics of political consciousness and their relation to socio‐economic conditions.