GENDER DIVISION OF DOMESTIC WORK IN TUVAN FAMILIES

The article analyzes the specifics of the gender division of unpaid domestic work in modern Tuvan families, presents a comparison of the level of involvement of men and women in the upbringing of children based on a sociological study. The purpose of this article is to analyze the gender distribution of domestic labor from an ethnogender perspective, to identify common and specific characteristics in comparison with studies of Russian families from the point of view of intra-family division of labor. Methods. The article uses a comparative analysis of the results of a quantitative sociological study corresponding to the male and female aggregates of respondents and descriptive statistics. Results and conclusions. The analysis of the obtained data of the sociological study revealed that the dominant gender attitude among Tuvan men in the field of unpaid domestic work is a historically established, traditional model, according to which a woman should do housework, and a man should help. The desire for an equal distribution of domestic labor is clearly expressed among women. The tendency to egalitarianism is distinguished not only by women, but also by representatives of the younger generation who adhere to less patriarchal views. The study showed that economic factors such as employment or lack of work, different income levels of spouses do not affect the principles of the distribution of domestic labor. The actual distribution of unpaid labor in the everyday life of Tuvan families demonstrates that a woman in a modern Tuvan family, in addition to performing reproductive functions, paid work in the labor market, performs a significant amount of housework and is more involved in the care and upbringing of children. It was revealed that there is practically no commercialization of domestic labor. Based on the conducted research, it is concluded that there are gender «specializations» in the jobs performed by men and women. Despite the lower degree of involvement with women, men take part in all types of work. This indicates a serious evolution of the gender role of men, whose gender practices have traditionally been outside of domestic work. The study showed that in Tuvan families, from the point of view of the intersex distribution of domestic labor, there are no fundamental differences from the practices described by researchers in Russian families. The practical significance of the study lies in the possible inclusion of promoting the commercialization of domestic labor and its withdrawal from the informal sector in the employment policy, since women's extra-family economic activity will increase more and more, targeted support, primarily for male employment in the regional labor market, in the field of family and demographic policy – to introduce ideology and practical measures to support of involved fatherhood in the upbringing of children, based on the goals of improving the quality of the human potential of the republic.